Comparative study on dietary protein requirements for juvenile and pre‐adult gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS III)

Two 8‐week growth trials were conducted in indoor recirculation system to evaluate the protein requirements for juvenile (3.70 ± 0.20 g) and pre‐adult (85.2 ± 0.70 g) gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio var. CAS III. Six isoenergetic diets were formulated for each trial using fish meal and casein as protein sources, and protein level was 250–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 and 200–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 2. With the increasing dietary protein, feeding rate (FR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Weight gain (WG) increased first and then reached a plateau in 330–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 (P > 0.05), while decreased after the maximum value in 350 g kg^?1 in Trial 2 (P < 0.05). Productive protein values (PPVs) were lower in 370–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 and 400–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 2 (P < 0.05). Increasing dietary protein level increased protein content and decreased lipid content in whole fish body and white muscle (P < 0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficient of dry matters (ADC_d) decreased, while apparent digestibility coefficient of protein (ADC_p) increased in 370–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 and 250–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 2 (P < 0.05). Trypsin activity significantly increased in 370–450 g kg^?1 in Trial 1 (P < 0.05) and was not affected in Trial 2 (P > 0.05). Hepatic alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in both trials increased when dietary protein was above 400 g kg^?1 (P < 0.05). Based on quadratic regression of WG, it was estimated that dietary protein requirement for maximum growth was 414 g kg^?1 (digestible protein of 376 g kg^?1) and 365 g kg^?1 (digestible protein of 324 g kg^?1) for juvenile (3.70 g) and pre‐adult gibel carp (85.2 g).     

Interaction effects between the agglomerative externalities affecting the survival of small startups

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the survival of firms and the influence of agglomeration economies on firm location using a mixed effect Cox model considering random effects, given the industrial conditions of South Korea. Each agglomerative externality had a negative effect on the survival proportion of small startups except the related variety of the tertiary sector. However, the interaction effects between each externality and the location potential and among agglomerative externalities mostly played a complementary role to the survivability of startups; however certain effects reduced the survivability, and the effects were differentiated for each industrial sector. This study provides an advanced understanding of small firm performance after entry into the market in developing and developed nations.     

天津春稻和麦茬稻品质特性比较

以天津市培育的优质小站稻品种津川1号和隆优619为供试材料,分析了春稻和麦茬稻品质特性的差异。结果表明,津川1号作麦茬稻的整精米率明显低于作春稻,而垩白粒率显著高于春稻;津川1号麦茬稻的蛋白质含量明显偏高,食味值显著低于春稻;隆优619作春稻和麦茬稻无论在外观、加工、食味还是营养品质方面均无显著差异,是较理想的麦茬连作品种。     

防蛾灯照射对大白菜生长及营养品质的影响

[目的]探究绿黄波段防蛾灯照射对大白菜生长指标、产量及营养品质的影响,为防蛾灯的应用和大面积推广提供科学依据.[方法]分别以565~585 nm波段黄光和515~535 nm波段绿光的防蛾灯照射大白菜幼苗,以不进行光处理为对照,测定大白菜生长指标、成熟期产量及光合色素和代谢产物的含量.[结果]绿黄光照射对大白菜生长指标(根长、株高、叶片数、叶面积、鲜重、干重和成熟期产量)、叶绿素及可溶性糖含量无明显影响,各指标与对照相比无显著差异(P>0.05,下同);与对照相比,绿光和黄光照射处理极显著提高了大白菜叶片中维生素C含量(P<0.01),分别增加了36.54%和15.00%;游离氨基酸含量以黄光照射处理最高,分别显著高于对照和绿光照射处理33.00%和29.50%(P<0.05,下同);可溶性蛋白含量以绿光照射处理最高,显著高于对照28.34%,较黄光处理高24.28%,但差异不显著;绿、黄光照射处理后大白菜叶片中粗纤维含量显著增加,分别较对照增加5.1%和5.6%.[结论]绿黄光防蛾灯照射对大白菜生长、产量及营养品质均无负面影响,且可在一定程度上改善大白菜的营养品质,可在大白菜生产中推广应用防蛾灯.     

滩羊毛色候选基因MC1R和TCF25的mRNA表达量定量分析

为了探究影响哺乳动物毛色的黑色素皮质受体-1基因(MC1R)和转录因子25基因(TCF25)与滩羊毛色的关系,本研究利用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术,对15只不同毛色滩羊(纯白、褐斑、黑斑)皮肤组织中MC1R基因和TCF25基因的mRNA表达量进行研究。结果显示,MC1R基因和TCF25基因在3种不同毛色滩羊中均有表达。MC1R基因在不同毛色滩羊皮肤组织中表达量为黑斑>褐斑>纯白,其中黑斑组极显著高于纯白组(P<0.01),显著高于褐斑组(P<0.05),褐斑组显著高于纯白组(P<0.05);TCF25基因在不同毛色滩羊皮肤组织中表达量为纯白>褐斑>黑斑,组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验表明了目的基因表达量与滩羊毛色间的关系,为今后滩羊毛色选育与品种改良提供参考。     

重症肌无力病情严重程度对尿动力学参数的影响

目的探讨眼肌型(Ⅰ型)及全身型(Ⅱ型)重症肌无力(myasthenia gravis,MG)患者尿动力指标的差异,为临床治疗重症肌无力提供参考。方法分别检测8例眼肌型及15例全身型MG患者尿动力学指标,分析组间尿动力参数差异及组间各指标异常人数构成比差异。结果全身型MG患者最大尿流率显著低于眼肌型患者(P0.05);全身型MG患者最大尿流率异常人数比率显著高于眼肌型患者(P0.05),而膀胱收缩力增强人数显著低于眼肌型患者(P0.05);全身型MG患者初始尿意、残余尿量异常比率及膀胱出口梗阻发生率均高于眼肌型患者,但差异无显著性(P0.05);女性MG患者膀胱收缩增强人数显著高于男性(P0.01)。结论全身型MG患者最大尿流率异常人数显著高于眼肌型,MG病情加重可能会伴发尿动力异常,临床诊疗应加以重视。     

生态浮床对鱼塘水质的净化评价及管理——以华宇园林苗木生态园鱼塘为例

以华宇园林苗木生态园的鱼塘为研究对象,以种植生态浮床前后水体中的总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、氨氮、化学需要量(COD)为评价指标,对水质进行评价。分别从时间和空间两个维度,分析和对比生态浮床对水体中氮、磷的吸收效果、对水体中COD的影响趋势。结果表明,生态浮床对整个水域的氮和磷以及COD都有一定的吸收作用,其中对总氮的去除率最高可达15.2%,总磷的去除率最高可达56.3%。提出生态浮床对鱼塘水质净化的治理管理理念。     

基于模糊综合评价法的海洋牧场综合效益测算

聚焦于海洋牧场综合效益的评价,采用组合赋权法和模糊综合评价法从生态、经济、社会三个角度构建海洋牧场综合效益评价指标体系,并以青岛、威海、烟台、东营四市为例进行实证分析。研究表明,提高海洋牧场综合效益的关键在于保持经济与生态的协同发展,与此同时需关注国家级海洋牧场数量、优质渔获比例和劳动力从业结构等重要指标,另外研究发现青岛、威海、烟台、东营四市海洋牧场综合效益均有较大提升空间。在此基础上,从生态效益升级、经济效益发展及社会效益扩大三个维度提出可行的建设方案。